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| Materi : Cara Menyusun Noun Phrase |
A NOUN PHRASE
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THE USAGE OF NO AND ANY
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| The usage of No and Any |
The Usage of No and Any
(Penggunaan No dan Any)
No (tidak) : adalah negative word (kata yang mengandung arti negative)
Any (beberapa) : kata yang dipakai dalam kalimat negative (-) dan interrogative (?)
A. No one / Any one / Nobody / Anybody
= tidak ada orang / tidak seorang pun
1. Yang berfungsi sebagai subject.
Example :
Who sees her?
a. No one sees her, atau
b. Anyone does not see her.
Who studied English?
a. No one studied English, atau
b. Anyone did not study English.
2. Yang berfungsi sebagai object.
Example:
Whom does she call?
a. She calls no one, atau
b. She does not call any one.
Whom did she call?
a. She called no one, atau
b. She did not call any one
B. Nothing dan Anything
= bukan apa-apa / tidak ada apa-apa
1. Yang berfungsi sebagai subject.
Examples:
What hunts them?
a. Nothing hunts them, atau
b. Anything does not hunt them.
What hunted them?
a. Nothing hunted them, atau
b. Anything did not hunt them.
2. Yang berfungsi sebagai object.
Examples:
What does she speak?
a. She speaks nothing, atau
b. She does not speak anything.
What did she speak?
a. She spoke nothing, atau
b. She did not speak anything.
C. No / Any + noun
1. Yang berfungsi sebagai subject.
Examples:
What problem makes me sad, atau
a. No problem makes me sad, atau
b. Any problem does not make me sad.
2. Yang berfungsi sebagai object.
Examples:
What problem does he solve?
a. He solves no problem, atau
b. He does not solve any problem.
What problem did he solve?
a. He solved no problem, atau
b. He did not solve any problem.
D. Nowhere / Anywhere (tidak kemana-mana)
Examples:
a. She goes nowhere, atau
b. She does not go anywhere.
Where did she go?
a. She went nowhere, atau
b. She did not go anywhere.
E. Nowhen / Anywhen
= Tidak kapan-kapan / tidak kapanpun.
Examples:
When will she go to Bali?
a. She will go to Bali nowhen, atau
b. She will not go to Bali Anywhen.
When can you help her?
a. I can help her nowhen, (Saya tidak dapat menolong dia perempuan kapanpun) atau
b. I cannot help her anywhen. (Saya tidak dapat menolong di perempuan kapanpun)
SIMPLE PAST TENSE (VERBAL)
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| Tenses Simple Past Tense (Verbal) |
Simple Past Tense (Verbal)
A. Kegunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kegiatan atau perbuatan di masa lampau.
Contoh: I went to Jakarta last week.
They Played tennis yesterday.
2. Untuk menyatakan kebiasaan yang dilakukan di masa lampau.
Contoh : I always came late last year.
He often smoked when he was still young.
They usually got up early when they were SMP students.
3. Simple Past Tense juga digunakan dalam Conditional Clause (Kalimat Bersyarat) untuk menyatakan peristiwa sekarang.
Contoh : If I were a bird I could fly all over the world.
(means : I am not a bird)
If I found your wallet, I would return it to you.
(means : I don't find your wallet)
4. Digunakan dalam kalimat Subjunctive (pengandaian) yang mengandung kata-kata: if only, would rather, wish, untuk menyatakan fakta yang bertentangan dengan situasi saat sekarang.
Contoh : If only I talked to her.
(means : I don't talk to her)
I would rather he went now.
(means : He doesn't go now)
I wish they were not ill.
(means : They are ill)
B. Pola Kalimat
(+) Subject + Verb-2 + object + adverb
(-) Subejct + did + not + verb-1 + object + adverb
(?) Did + subject + verb-1 + object + adverb?
C. Note:
Semua subject menggunakan "did" ketika negative dan interrogative.
D. Keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan dalam Simple Past Tense.
Yesterday : kemarin
Yesterday morning : kemarin pagi
This morning : pagi ini
Yesterday night : kemarin malam
The day before yesterday : kemarin lusa
Last month : bulan lalu
When . . . : ketika
Last night : tadi malam
Last year : tahun lalu
. . . ago : . . . .lalu
Yesterday afternoon : kemarin sore
Last summer : musim panas lalu
Last week : minggu lalu
E. Latihan-latihan
Latihan 1. Ubahlah kalimat berikut dalam bentuk negative, interrogative, dan negative-interrogative.
Contoh : He helped me yesterday.
(-) He did not help me yesterday.
(?) Did he help me yesterday?
(-?) Din't he help me yesterday?
1. They slept last night.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
2. She swam in the sea last week.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
3. She sang an English song last night.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
4. We painted the fence last week.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
5. They thought about their debt.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
6. You had a good book last year.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
7. Andre too an exercise every morning last month.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
8. My parents bought a new bike for me.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
9. My friend asked me to do the work last night.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
10. She sold her ring last week.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
11. He did his homework well.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
12. Renne invited him to come to the party.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
13. Dick promised to go home early.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
14. You blamed me last week.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
15. They spoke German.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
16. He built a big house.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
17. I missed her.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
18. She came late yesterday.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
19. The students returned the book to the library.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
20. The hunters shot the animal in the forest.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
Latihan 2. Ubahlah kata kerja dalam tanda kurung menjadi bentuk yang benar.
Contoh: My mother . . . in the kitchen. (cook)
My mother cooked in the kitchen.
She . . . her shoes. (not wash)
She did not wish her shoes.
1. We . . . the bags. (carry)
2. You . . . the game. (win)
3. They . . . to get up early. (want)
4. She . . . a new piano. (have)
5. He . . . me his bike. (lend)
6. My uncle . . . Surabaya last week. (go)
7. The passangers . . . happy during the trip. (feel)
8. They . . . very quickly. (run)
9. He . . . a beautiful bird yesterday. (catch)
10. One of the people . . . the room. (leave)
11. The lawyer . . . the robbers. (punish)
12. You . . . the new area last year. (investigate)
13. She . . . her old skirt because she wanted to buy a new one. (tear)
14. They . . . into the river. (jump)
15. I . . . to go abroad. (plan)
16. We . . . one of the available books. (choose)
17. He . . . the proposal. (sign)
18. My headmaster . . . the naughty students to his office. (call)
19. He . . . a pilot 10 years ago. (become)
20. I . . . her walking alone last night. (see)
Latihan 3. Buatlah pertanyaan dan berikan jawabannya.
Contoh: He - come early.
Did he come early?
Yes, he did.
They - go home.
Did they go home?
Yes, they did.
1. He - hit my head yesterday.
. . .
. . .
2. You - smoke last night.
. . .
. . .
3. They - sing a song.
. . .
. . .
4. We - wait for them two days ago.
. . .
. . .
5. Mary - buy a pen yesterday.
. . .
. . .
6. John - win the singing contest.
. . .
. . .
7. They - like dog.
. . .
. . .
8. He - admire her.
. . .
. . .
9. She - hate you.
. . .
. . .
10. Your family - send me a card.
. . .
. . .
11. His brother - join the group.
. . .
. . .
12. Her parents - allow her to go.
. . .
. . .
13. They - suggest you to stop working.
. . .
. . .
14. He - write an article about language.
. . .
. . .
15. He - go to market on foot.
. . .
. . .
Latihan 4. Berdasarkan kalimat yang ada, buatlah pertanyaan dan berikan jawabannya menurut kata-kata yang ada dalam tanda kurung.
Contoh: She stood there. (sit here)
Did she stand there?
No, she didn't. She sat there.
1. He offered her a television. (give her a radio)
. . .
. . .
2. They left for Yogya. (go to Bali)
. . .
. . .
3. They sold their house. (buy a new one)
. . .
. . .
4. She took my glasses. (return them)
. . .
. . .
5. My daughter walked fast. (run fast)
. . .
. . .
6. The doctor gave an injection to the patient. (examine him)
. . .
. . .
7. The gardener planted some trees in the garden. (cut them)
. . .
. . .
8. They watched a football game yesterday. (see the accident)
. . .
. . .
9. The students prepared their test. (do their homework)
. . .
. . .
10. He interviewed the person. (advise her)
. . .
. . .
Latihan 5. Kerjakan soal berikut seperti pada contoh.
Contoh : What did he do? (sleep)
He slept.
Where did he go last night? (movie)
He went to the movie.
Why did he come late? (get up late)
He got up late.
1. Where did he keep my letters? (in his bag)
__________________________________
2. Where did she go last year? (America)
__________________________________
3. Where did they wait for you? (at the bus station)
__________________________________
4. Where did he meet them last week? (in my house)
__________________________________
5. What did they hear? (a loud noise)
__________________________________
6. What did you buy? (a pair of shoes)
__________________________________
7. What did the students discuss? (their homework)
__________________________________
8. What did the teacher tell you about? (my mistakes)
__________________________________
9. What did the notice say? (no parking)
__________________________________
10. What did she want from you? (my photograph)
__________________________________
11. What did your parents give you? (a nice present for my birthday)
__________________________________
12. What did he do at home? (help his father)
__________________________________
13. What did they do at the zoo? (take some photographs)
__________________________________
14. Why did he come late? (repair his bike)
__________________________________
15. Why did she look sad? (miss her boyfriend)
__________________________________
16. Why did the bench get wet? (rain last night)
__________________________________
17. Why did you sell the car? (have no money)
METODE MENGHAFAL TENSES DALAM WAKTU 1 - 3 HARI SAJA
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| Metode Menghafal Tenses |
Banyak orang yang mengalami kesulitan dalam menghafal 16 tenses. Mereka bingung bagaimana cara termudah dalam menghafalkan tenses.
Oleh karena itu, kami berniat membantu mereka dalam menghafalkan 16 tenses dengan metode yang mudah dan gampang.
Bagaimana caranya?
Silahkan menonton video dibawah ini.
Selamat menyaksikan. Terima kasih.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (VERBAL)
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
A. Kegunaan
Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang sudah dimulai di masa lampau dan masih sedang berlangsung hingga sekarang. Lamanya peristiwa tersebut selalu dinyatakan dalam jangka waktu tertentu.
Contoh. He has been sleeping for two hours.
They have been living here for 10 years.
We have been studying English for 6 years.
B. Pola Kalimat
(+) Subject + have/has + been + verb-ing + o + kata keterangan
(-) Subject + have/has + not + been + verb-ing + o + kata keterangan
(?) Have/has + subject + been + verb-ing + o + kata keterangan
C. Keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan dalam Present Pefect Continuous Tense:
- For . . . : Selama . . .
- The whole day : sehari penuh
- Since . . . : sejak . . .
- All morning : seluruh waktu pagi
- Long :
- For over five months : selama lebih dari 5 bulan.
D. Note:
I, you, we, they, nama orang 2 /nama hewan 2 / nama benda 2 : menggunakan "have been"
She, he, it, nama orang 1 / nama hewan 1 / nama benda 1 : menggunakan "has been"
E. Latihan-Latihan
Latihan 1. Ubahlah kalimat berikut dalam bentuk negative, interrogative, dan negative-interrogative.
Contoh : He has been talking to her for two hours.
(-) He has not been talking to her for two hours.
(?) Has he been talking to her for two hours.
(-?) Hasn't he been talking to her for two hours?
1. You have been waiting there for an hour.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
2. We have been working since 11 o'clock.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
3. They have been writing letters since breakfast.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
4. My aunt has been living there for a year.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
5. She has been studying for five hours.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
6. We have been discussing the matter for a week.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
7. He has been driving the car for a day.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
8. The students have been standing in front of the school for an hour.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
9. The baby has been crying for hours.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
10. I have been reading novel for an hour.
(-)
(?)
(-?)
Latihan 2. Ubahlah kata kerja yang ada dalam tanda kurung menjadi bentuk yang benar.
Contoh : They . . . for ten years. (work)
They have been working for ten years.
1. I . . . for five years. (teach)
2. They . . . me for hours. (help)
3. We . . . in New York for a year. (live)
4. The water . . . for 15 minutes. (boil)
5. He . . . in the room since this morning. (sit)
6. She . . .. to the radio since 10 o'clock. (listen)
7. They . . . .for a week. (hide)
8. The plane . . . for 5 hours. (fly)
9. He . . .. money since 20 years old. (make)
10. It . . . the whole day. (rain)
11. She . . . for three hours. (sleep)
12. They . . . the bridge for two years. (build)
13. The boy . . . anything since this morning. (not do)
14. They . . . to each other since Christmas. (not talk)
15. Jack and Jane . . . all morning. (run)
Latihan 3. Kerjakan soal berikut seperti contoh.
Contoh: I started working at 7. It's 8 o'clock. I'm still working.
I have been working for an hour.
He moved to California in 1970. He is living there now.
He has been living there since 1970.
1. I didn't take a rest at 10. It's 12 o'clock. I am not taking a rest.
______________________________________________________
2. He started swimming at 9. It's 11 o'clock. He is still swimming.
______________________________________________________
3. They entered in the university in 1980. Now they are still studying there.
______________________________________________________
4. Mary arrived at my house in 1990. She is still staying at my house now.
_______________________________________________________
5. He started writing his novel 1981. He is still writing it now.
______________________________________________________
6. My parents took a nap at 10. They are still sleeping now.
______________________________________________________
7. I took care of my nephew in 1960. I'm still taking care of him now.
______________________________________________________
8. She started dancing at 5. It is 7 o'clock. She is still dancing.
______________________________________________________
9. They started painting the fence when it got dried. They are still painting the fence now.
______________________________________________________
10. My brother started learning English when he was still a junior high school. He is still learning English now.
______________________________________________________
11. The doctor started operating the patient at 8. It is 10 o'clock. He is still operating the patient.
______________________________________________________
12. We started driving at 5. Now it is 9 o'clock. We are still driving.
______________________________________________________
13. My friends started translating the text at 4. It's 7 o'clock. They are still translating the text now.
______________________________________________________
14. My father taught English when he was 30 years old. Now he is still teaching English.
______________________________________________________
15. I stopped working in 1977. I am not working now.
______________________________________________________
Latihan 4. Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut.
Contoh: How long have you been waiting for her? (for 10 minutes)
I have been waiting for her for 10 minutes.
1. How long have you been looking for the gold? (for years)
______________________________________________________
2. How long have you been studying French? (for five years)
______________________________________________________
3. How long have they been arguing? (since 7 o'clock)
______________________________________________________
4. How long has it been raining? (since this morning)
______________________________________________________
5. How long has she been crying? (for an hour)
______________________________________________________
6. How long have we been walking? (for 10 hours)
______________________________________________________
7. How long have they been talking to the stranger? (for an hour)
______________________________________________________
8. How long has your friend been wearing glasses? (for a year)
______________________________________________________
9. How long has your teacher been going abroad? (since 1992)
______________________________________________________
10. How long have the boys been using your bike? (since this morning)
______________________________________________________
11. How long has she been cooking in the kitchen? (for an hour)
______________________________________________________
12. How long have they been smoking? (since 1990)
______________________________________________________
13. How long has he been sleeping? (since lunch)
______________________________________________________
14. How long have you been waiting for the letters? (for two months)
______________________________________________________
15. How long have you been watching TV? (for a few minutes)
______________________________________________________
16. How long have the children been bothering you? (for three hours)
______________________________________________________
17. How long have the students been playing basketball? (since this morning)
______________________________________________________
18. How long has she been teasing you? (since 1980)
______________________________________________________
19. How long have they been building the house? (since 1980)
______________________________________________________
20. How long has the dog been barking? (all night)
Referensi:
Gumpol, W.Y. 1994. Mastery of Sixteen Tenses. Yogyakarta: Kanisius
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (VERBAL)
 |
| Present Perfect Tense (Verbal) dilengkapi dengan soal-soal |
Present Perfect Tense (Verbal)
A. Kegunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau tindakan yang telah selesai dilakukan dan hasilnya masih dapat dirasakan sekarang.
Contoh : We have heard the news.
I have borrowed the book from the library.
She has eaten.
2. Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah dilakukan dan masih berlaku hingga sekarang.
Contoh : He has lived in Japan since 1993.
We have worked in the garden since 10 o'clock this morning.
He has been ill for a week.
3. Bila diikuti just, untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang baru saja selesai dilakukan.
Contoh : I have just read the book.
She has just gone out.
We have just seen the film.
4. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang telah terjadi dimasa lampau dan berakhir pada saat kini.
Contoh : I haven't seen you for years. It's nice to see you now.
It has been very old lately, and it begins to the hot.
He hasn't listened to the radio for weeks, and now he is listening to it.
5. Sering digunakan dalam tulis-menulis surat.
Contoh : I have decided to write you about myself.
I haven't got your letter.
I have been busy lately, but I try to write you.
6. Sering digunakan dalam bahasa surat kabar atau siaran untuk memperkenalkan suatu peristiwa.
Contoh : Two men have been killed . . .
Thousands of people have died because of the earthquake.
B. Pola Kalimat
(+) Subject + have/has + verb-3 + object + adverb
(-) Subejct + have/has + not + verb-3 + object + adverb
(?) Have/has + subject + verb-3 + object + adverb?
Contoh: (+) I have spoken English
(-) I have not spoken English
(?) Have I spoken English?
(-?) Haven't I spoken English?
(+) She has spoken English.
(-) She has not spoken English.
(?) Has she spoken English?
C. Note:
1. Subject : I, you, we, they, nama orang 2 / hewan 2 / benda 2 menggunakan "have"
2. Subject : She, he, it, nama orang 1 / hewan 1 / benda 1 menggunakan "has"
3. Has not dapat disingkat menjadi hasn't dan have not dapat disingkat menjadi haven't.
4. Dalam kalimat negative-interrogative menggunakan hasn't atau haven't.
D. Adverb (kata keterangan) yang biasa digunakan dalam Present Perfect Tense:
already : kata ini biasanya digunakan untuk mengatakan sesuatu yang telah terjadi lebih dulu atau lebih awal daripada kemungkinan terjadinya. Penempatan kata ‘already’ biasanya di tengah kalimat.
Contoh :
I’ve already spent my salary and it’s two weeks before payday.
The train already left! What are we going to do?
recently : baru-baru ini
several times : beberapa kali
not yet : belum
since yesterday : sejak kemarin
for an hour : selama satu jam
yet : belum
this week : minggu ini
this month : bulan ini
so far : sejauh ini
since 2021 : sejak 2021
never : tidak pernah
just : baru saja
Many times : banyak kali
this year : bulan ini
lately : akhir-akhir ini
since this morning : sejak pagi ini
Latihan 1. Ubahlah kata kerja bantu has/have dalam kalimat berikut sesuai dengan subjek yang mengikutinya.
Contoh: He has taken my pen.
They have taken my pen.
You have taken my pen.
Jack has taken my pen.
1. She has returned the book to me.
They . . .
You . . .
He . . .
2. I have lived in Australia since 1980.
He . . .
They . . .
Mary . . .
3. Has he bought any magazine?
. . . we . . .
. . . she . . .
. . . they . . .
4. We have not learnt the language.
The people . . .
He . . .
You . . .
5. You have not seen me for a long time.
They . . .
She . . .
My parents . . .
6. He has gone to the palace.
The king . . .
The soldiers . . .
7. They have already told you about the accident.
The man . . .
The witness . . .
I . . .
8. My uncle has come.
My mother . . .
Your daughter . . .
They . . .
9. The guests have reported it to the police.
She . . .
He . . .
We . . .
10. Your mother has not cooked the food for us.
They . . .
The servant . . .
She . . .
11. We have met her.
Jane and Robert . . .
Her friends . . .
I . . .
12. They have filled the water into the bottle.
You . . .
The children . . .
The boy . . .
13. She has moved to her new house since February 1982.
They . . .
He . . .
We . . .
14. He you paid the debt?
. . . he . . .
. . . the workers . . .
. . . Jane . . .
15. The president has delivered the most interesting speech.
I . . .
They . . .
The manager . . .
Latihan 2. Jawablah pertanyaan berikut seperti pada contoh.
Contoh: Has she spent a night in your house?
(+) Yes, she has.
(-) No, she hasn't.
1. Has he sold his house?
(+)
(-)
2. Have they watched the film
(+)
(-)
3. Has she already read the story?
(+)
(-)
4. Have we missed her for long?
(+)
(-)
5. Has Mary received the letter?
(+)
(-)
6. The actors have recited the text.
(-)
(?)
7. Has the man called on you?
(+)
(-)
8. Has your sister gone out?
(+)
(-)
9. Has Eric drunk a glass of tea?
(+)
(-)
10. Has the gardener watered the plants?
(+)
(-)
11. Have the police taken him into jail?
(+)
(-)
12. Have the children swallowed the medicine?
(+)
(-)
13. Have they won the game?
(+)
(-)
14. Has he painted the wall?
(+)
(-)
15. Have you borrowed the book?
(+)
(-)
Latihan 3. Ubahlah kata kerja dalam tanda kurung.
Contoh: Father . . . (come)
Father has come.
They . . . hard. (study)
They have studied hard.
1. He . . . a bath. (take)
2. My sister . . . since 9 o'clock. (sleep)
3. We . . . a letter to him. (write)
4. They . . . us to the party. (invite)
5. The snake . . . one of the frogs. (bite)
6. Renny . . . her camera. (get)
7. We . . . Africa since June. (leave for)
8. She . . . the news before. (hear)
9. We . . . our way to the river. (lose)
10. Peter . . . from Japan. (return)
11. He . . . to me about his problem. (speak)
12. They . . . the tree for five times. (climb)
13. You . . . from your work. (stop)
14. They . . . a lot of bayan trees. (grow)
15. I . . . .the calculator on your desk. (put)
16. Mother . . . my shirt. (sew)
17. We . . . her for 10 years. (know)
18. The lesson . . . at 7 o'clock. (begin)
19. We . . . to go to the beach for two days. (plan)
20. Paul . . . to help you whenever you find difficulties. (promise)
Latihan 4. Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut.
Contoh: Who has taken the money? (the boy)
They boy has taken the money.
What has he sold? (his bike)
He has sold his bike.
Where have they met each other ? (in Malaysia)
They have met each other in Malaysia.
1. What has he done? (his homework)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Where have they gone? (to Canada)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. What has she bought? (some vegetables)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. What have they discussed? (the complicated problems?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Who has made a lot of mistakes? (one of the students)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Where have your parents lived since 1990? (in my village)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. What have you asked her? (about my son)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Who has robbed the bank? (the robbers)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Where has he signed the agreement? (in his office)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. What have they reported to you? (about the progress of our business)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. Where have you found the key? (in my pocket)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. What has she sent to you? (a letter)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13. Who has taught you English? (my young English teacher)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. What have you eaten? (a piece of cake)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. What have you learnt? (the English tenses)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PRESENT PERFECT - PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (NOMINAL)
 |
| Present Perfect - Present Perfect Continuous Tense |
Pola Kalimat:
(+) Subject + have/has + been + 3 complements
(-) Subject + have/has + not + been + 3 complements
(?) Have/has + subject + been + 3 complements?
(-?) Haven't/hasn't + subject + been + 3 complements?
Contoh: (+) I have been sick
(-) I have not been sick
(?) Have I been sick?
Note:
You, we, they, nama orang 2/ hewan 2/ benda 2 = have
She, he, it, nama orang 1/ hewan 1/benda 1 = has
Latihan 1. Ubahlah kalimat-kalimat berikut dalam bentuk negative, interrogative, dan negative-interrogative.
Contoh: He has been ill for a week.
(-) He has not been ill for a week.
(?) Has he been ill for a week?
(-?) Hasn't he been ill for a week?
1. I have been hungry for an hour.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
2. You have been sleepy today.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
3. He has been a teacher for four years.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
4. They have been in USA since January 1992.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
5. It has been very cold.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
6. There has been a queue in the post office.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
7. Peter has been in Bali.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
8. You have been very impatient.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
9. My friends have been very busy.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
10. We have been there.
(-) . . .
(?) . . .
(-?) . . .
Latihan 2. Kerjakan soal-soal berikut ini seperti pada contoh.
Contoh : He - ill.
Has he been ill?
(+) Yes, he has.
(-) No, he hasn't.
They - hungry.
Have they been hungry?
(+) Yes, they have
(-) No, they haven't.
1. You - ready.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
2. She - successful.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
3. We - famous.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
4. They - rich.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
5. You - sleepy.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
6. The bottle - empty.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
7. Peter - tired.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
8. Mary and Peter - friends.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
9. She - a responsible girl.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
10. The house - clean.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
11. The rooms - full of people.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
12. The students - happy.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
13. The fruit - ripe.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
14. They - careful.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
15. My grandfather - in hospital for two months.
_______________ ?
(+) _____________
(-) _____________
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