PAST PERFECT TENSE (VERBAL)

 A. Kegunaan

1. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa, kegiatan atau tindakan yang telah selesai dilakukan di waktu lampau sebelum peristiwa lain terjadi.

Contoh: I had slept before they came.

              He had eaten before he went out.

2. Untuk mengubah Direct Indirect (kalimat langsung) menjadi Indirect Speech (kalimat tak langsung) bila pernyataan dalam Present Perfect Tense atau Past Tense.

Contoh: He said, "I have met you." Diubah menjadi: 

              He said that he had met me.

              She said, "they came late." Diubah menjadi:

              She said that they had come late.

B. Pola Kalimat

(+) Subject + had + verb-3 + object + adverb

(-) Subject + had + not + verb-3 + object + adverb

(?) Had + subject + verb-3 + object + adverb ?

(-?) Hadn't + subject + verb-3 + object + adverb?

C. Catatan:

     Had not dapat disingkat menjadi hadn't.

D. Keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan dalam Past Perfect Tense (verbal):

    - Before :

    - As soon as :

    - When :

    - Until :

    - After :

    - By the end of :

E. Latihan-latihan.

    Latihan 1. Ubahlah kalimat berikut dalam bentuk : negative, interrogative, dan negative-interrogative.

   Contoh: He had worked.

                 (-) He had not worked.

                 (?) Had he worked?

                 (-?) Hadn't he worked?

1. I had drunk the water.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

2. She had done it.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

3. They had finished the work.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

4. We had applied for the job.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

5. They had asked me about.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

6. He had posted the letter.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

7. Peter had replied the letter.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

8. My neighbours had moved.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

9. The students had called on them.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

10. You had got the answers.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

11. We had passed the test.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

12. Mary had fallen in love with him.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

13. Jack and Jill met each other.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

14. She had sold her rings.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

15. He had informed me about that.

    (-) 

    (?)

    (-?)

Latihan 2. Ubahlah kata kerja dalam tanda kurung menjadi bentuk yang tepat.

                 Contoh: He __________ his wallet. (lose)

                               He had lost his wallet.

1. She __________ the glass. (break)

2. We ___________ the events. (document)

3. They __________  the research. (do)

4. He ___________ the book. (cover)

5. They __________ the packet. (wrap)

6. Jane __________ into the water. (jump)

7. The judge __________ them into the jail. (put)

8. She _________ the new words. (learn)

9. We __________ their valuable goods. (hide)

10.He ____________ a modern house. (build)

11. My friends ____________ you to the party. (invite)

12. We ______________ them to pay their bill. (remind)

13. The audience ___________ before the actors spoke. (come)

14. My mother __________ my favorite food before I came. (cook)

15. He ___________ a new love song. (compose)

16. The robbers ____________ the tall building over there. (burn)

17. I ___________ the pictures on the wall. (hang)

18. The girls ___________ on the floor before I asked them. (sit)

19. The wind ___________ her hat on the way home. (blow.

20. The police ____________ the thieves before they got away. (catch)